PON
PON
PON (Passive Optical Network) consists of three parts: OLT (Optical Line Terminal), ODN (Optical Distribution Network), and ONU (Optical Network Unit). 1) OLT is the convergence device placed at the central office that terminates the PON protocol. 2) ONU is the user-side device located at the client end, providing various interfaces for users. OLT and ONU are connected through the passive optical network ODN in the middle to communicate with each other. 3) ODN is composed of optical fibers, one or more passive optical splitters, and other passive optical components, providing an optical channel between OLT and ONU and serving as the connection between them, with high reliability.

PON, a point-to-multipoint fiber access technology, which includes ATM PON, Broadband PON, Gigabit PON and Ethernet PON, consists of the OLT (Optical Line Terminal) on the side, the ONU (Optical Network Unit) on the user side, and the ODN (Optical Distribution Network),is a kind of FTTX Main technology. EPON/Gpon is the current mainstream market demand. EPON/GPON can support a variety of services, including: voice and Internet services, video, data, HDTV, video communications, Multi-play services, Provide higher bandwidth, longer range, wider and more stable broadband coverage.

Network Architecture

The OLT is either a switch or router as well as a multi-service provisioning platform that provides a fiber interface for passive optical networks. In addition to providing network convergence and access functions, the OLT also provides bandwidth allocation, network security and management configuration for different QOS / SLA requirements of users. Optical Splitter is a simple device without power supply .A typical splitter split rate of 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32, and can be multi-level connection. The distance between the OLT and the ONU can be up to 20 km, and the distance can be extended by used an optical fiber amplifier (active repeater). EPON uplink and downlink are 1.25Gbit/s rate, abide by IEEE. GPON uplink is 1.25Gbit/s rate, downlink is 2.5Gbit/s, basic on ITU-T G.984. PON Principle: Downstream using broadcast mode, uplink using time division multiple access mode, single-fiber bi-directional transmission, full-duplex passive optical network IP data uplink wavelength 1310nm, downlink 1490nm.

Mature residential fiber access distribution network

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